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‌Rust是一门系统编程语言，专注于安全尤其是并发安全，支持函数式、命令式和泛型等多范式编程‌。同时Rust也是跨平台语言。它支持在多种操作系统和硬件架构上编译运行，开发者可以使用同一套代码生成不同平台的可执行文件 。‌‌‌

支持平台广泛‌：涵盖 Windows、Linux、macOS 等桌面系统，以及 Android、iOS 移动端和各类嵌入式设备 。
本篇记录编译生成在ARM架构的嵌入式设备上运行的Rust程序

开发环境虚拟机Ubuntu2004

1.添加目前编译器

# 查看已安装目标

rustup target list --installed

# 添加 ARM64 GNU 目标（使用系统 glibc）

rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu

# 添加 ARM64 MUSL 目标（静态链接）

rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-musl

# 查看已安装的目标

rustup target list --installed

scott@ubuntu2004:~$ rustup update stable info: syncing channel updates for 'stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu' info: latest update on 2026-03-05, rust version 1.94.0 (4a4ef493e 2026-03-02) info: downloading component 'cargo' 10.5 MiB / 10.5 MiB (100 %) 4.9 MiB/s in 2s info: downloading component 'clippy' info: downloading component 'rust-docs' 20.6 MiB / 20.6 MiB (100 %) 4.9 MiB/s in 4s info: downloading component 'rust-std' 28.4 MiB / 28.4 MiB (100 %) 4.7 MiB/s in 6s info: downloading component 'rustc' 74.9 MiB / 74.9 MiB (100 %) 4.5 MiB/s in 17s info: downloading component 'rustfmt' info: removing previous version of component 'cargo' info: removing previous version of component 'clippy' info: removing previous version of component 'rust-docs' info: removing previous version of component 'rust-std' info: removing previous version of component 'rustc' info: removing previous version of component 'rustfmt' info: installing component 'cargo' info: installing component 'clippy' info: installing component 'rust-docs' 20.6 MiB / 20.6 MiB (100 %) 11.2 MiB/s in 1s info: installing component 'rust-std' 28.4 MiB / 28.4 MiB (100 %) 22.8 MiB/s in 1s info: installing component 'rustc' 74.9 MiB / 74.9 MiB (100 %) 23.7 MiB/s in 3s info: installing component 'rustfmt' stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu updated - rustc 1.94.0 (4a4ef493e 2026-03-02) (from rustc 1.93.0 (254b59607 2026-01-19)) info: checking for self-update error: could not download file from 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/release-stable.toml' to '/tmp/rustup-updatez6MtR0/release-stable.toml': http request returned an unsuccessful status code: 404

scott@ubuntu2004:~$ rustc --version rustc 1.94.0 (4a4ef493e 2026-03-02) scott@ubuntu2004:~$ rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-musl info: downloading component 'rust-std' for 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl' info: installing component 'rust-std' for 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl' 26.0 MiB / 26.0 MiB (100 %) 22.8 MiB/s in 1s scott@ubuntu2004:~$ rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu info: downloading component 'rust-std' for 'aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu' info: installing component 'rust-std' for 'aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu' 27.2 MiB / 27.2 MiB (100 %) 23.1 MiB/s in 1s scott@ubuntu2004:~$ rustup target list --installed aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu aarch64-unknown-linux-musl x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu scott@ubuntu2004:~$

2.设置全局跨平台编译配置文件

新建配置文件.cargo/config.toml

/home/scott/.cargo/config.toml内容如下：

# ~/.cargo/config.toml [target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu] linker = "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc" # 如果需要其他库，添加搜索路径 # rustflags = ["-L", "/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib"] [target.aarch64-unknown-linux-musl] linker = "aarch64-linux-musl-gcc"

3.编译代码测试

cargo new hello创建项目，创建成功后，hello目录下有Cargo.toml文件和src目录，src目录里有main.rs文件，编写代码：

fn main() { println!("This is a Rust project in the Ubuntu environment!"); println!("Hello, world!"); }

保存退出，然后执行cargo build命令进行编译，编译成功后，执行cargo run命令运行。

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01$ cargo new hello Creating binary (application) `hello` package note: see more `Cargo.toml` keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01$ cd hello scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ ls Cargo.toml src scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cd src scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/src$ ls main.rs scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/src$ vim main.rs scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/src$ cd .. scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cargo build Compiling hello v0.1.0 (/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello) Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.54s scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cargo run Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.00s Running `target/debug/hello` This is a Rust project in the Ubuntu environment! Hello, world! scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$

项目结构

hello/ ├── Cargo.toml └── src/ └── main.rs

Ubuntu平台编译成功

下面进行跨平台编译，首先编译aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu。

cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --release

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --release Compiling hello v0.1.0 (/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello) error: linking with `cc` failed: exit status: 1 | = note: "cc" "/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/rustcIUGtLr/symbols.o" "<2 object files omitted>" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/{libstd-*,libpanic_unwind-*,libobject-*,libmemchr-*,libaddr2line-*,libgimli-*,libcfg_if-*,librustc_demangle-*,libstd_detect-*,libhashbrown-*,librustc_std_workspace_alloc-*,libminiz_oxide-*,libadler2-*,libunwind-*,liblibc-*,librustc_std_workspace_core-*,liballoc-*,libcore-*,libcompiler_builtins-*}.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-lgcc_s" "-lutil" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lm" "-ldl" "-lc" "-L" "/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/rustcIUGtLr/raw-dylibs" "-B<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/gcc-ld" "-fuse-ld=lld" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-L" "<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-o" "/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/hello-45a8574ff1ff12aa" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now" "-Wl,-O1" "-Wl,--strip-debug" "-nodefaultlibs" = note: some arguments are omitted. use `--verbose` to show all linker arguments = note: rust-lld: error: /home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/rustcIUGtLr/symbols.o is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/hello-45a8574ff1ff12aa.hello.a7b0cd2e8628662d-cgu.0.rcgu.o is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/hello-45a8574ff1ff12aa.6kwgw2jxqbicf638la2oftp62.rcgu.o is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-e55595babf65b9b2.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-e55595babf65b9b2.rlib(std-e55595babf65b9b2.std.2c034892e08a5f18-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libpanic_unwind-308523226fff4ba5.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libpanic_unwind-308523226fff4ba5.rlib(panic_unwind-308523226fff4ba5.panic_unwind.56b1f1d6a2efeb15-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libobject-c2a0a9ba3ca8250c.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libobject-c2a0a9ba3ca8250c.rlib(object-c2a0a9ba3ca8250c.object.bc439bcd3b626dc-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libmemchr-3d2c9a2ce7dac46a.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libmemchr-3d2c9a2ce7dac46a.rlib(memchr-3d2c9a2ce7dac46a.memchr.d59623ef6b85ef39-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libaddr2line-82482b918109940e.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libaddr2line-82482b918109940e.rlib(addr2line-82482b918109940e.addr2line.f8f46de18d7bbba2-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgimli-15dc331004570f15.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libgimli-15dc331004570f15.rlib(gimli-15dc331004570f15.gimli.3409884ab03f458a-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcfg_if-34d3c41c3a97d452.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libcfg_if-34d3c41c3a97d452.rlib(cfg_if-34d3c41c3a97d452.cfg_if.13b0b99b7a92f5d9-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_demangle-d484d87d3c33bf9a.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/librustc_demangle-d484d87d3c33bf9a.rlib(rustc_demangle-d484d87d3c33bf9a.rustc_demangle.a4abe7ad73c7ed59-cgu.0.rcgu.o) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: /home/scott/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd_detect-7d4a1d03b031cca3.rlib(lib.rmeta) is incompatible with elf64-x86-64 rust-lld: error: too many errors emitted, stopping now (use --error-limit=0 to see all errors) collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status error: could not compile `hello` (bin "hello") due to 1 previous error scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$

编译出错，原因是还要安装交叉编译工具链。

4.安装交叉编译工具链

# 安装 GNU 工具链

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y \

gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu \

binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu \

libc6-dev-arm64-cross

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ sudo apt-get install -y gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu libc6-dev-arm64-cross [sudo] password for scott: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: cpp-9-aarch64-linux-gnu cpp-aarch64-linux-gnu gcc-10-cross-base gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu-base gcc-9-cross-base libasan5-arm64-cross libatomic1-arm64-cross libc6-arm64-cross libgcc-9-dev-arm64-cross libgcc-s1-arm64-cross libgomp1-arm64-cross libitm1-arm64-cross liblsan0-arm64-cross libstdc++6-arm64-cross libtsan0-arm64-cross libubsan1-arm64-cross linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross Suggested packages: binutils-doc gcc-9-locales cpp-doc gcc-9-doc autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb-aarch64-linux-gnu gcc-doc The following NEW packages will be installed: binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu cpp-9-aarch64-linux-gnu cpp-aarch64-linux-gnu gcc-10-cross-base gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu-base gcc-9-cross-base gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu libasan5-arm64-cross libatomic1-arm64-cross libc6-arm64-cross libc6-dev-arm64-cross libgcc-9-dev-arm64-cross libgcc-s1-arm64-cross libgomp1-arm64-cross libitm1-arm64-cross liblsan0-arm64-cross libstdc++6-arm64-cross libtsan0-arm64-cross libubsan1-arm64-cross linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross 0 upgraded, 21 newly installed, 0 to remove and 70 not upgraded. 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Unpacking gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Selecting previously unselected package gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu. Preparing to unpack .../18-gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu_4%3a9.3.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross. Preparing to unpack .../19-linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross_5.4.0-110.124cross1_all.deb ... Unpacking linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross (5.4.0-110.124cross1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libc6-dev-arm64-cross. Preparing to unpack .../20-libc6-dev-arm64-cross_2.31-0ubuntu9.9cross1_all.deb ... Unpacking libc6-dev-arm64-cross (2.31-0ubuntu9.9cross1) ... Setting up gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu-base:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu (2.34-6ubuntu1.11) ... Setting up cpp-9-aarch64-linux-gnu (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up cpp-aarch64-linux-gnu (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ... Setting up libc6-arm64-cross (2.31-0ubuntu9.9cross1) ... Setting up gcc-9-cross-base (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up gcc-10-cross-base (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross (5.4.0-110.124cross1) ... Setting up libgcc-s1-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libatomic1-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up liblsan0-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libgomp1-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libtsan0-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libc6-dev-arm64-cross (2.31-0ubuntu9.9cross1) ... Setting up libasan5-arm64-cross (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up libstdc++6-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libitm1-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libubsan1-arm64-cross (10.5.0-1ubuntu1~20.04cross1) ... Setting up libgcc-9-dev-arm64-cross (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up gcc-9-aarch64-linux-gnu (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2cross2) ... Setting up gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.18) ... scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc --version aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.4.0 Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$

# 安装 MUSL 工具链（用于静态编译）

sudo apt-get install -y musl-tools

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ sudo apt-get install -y musl-tools Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: musl musl-dev Recommended packages: linux-musl-dev The following NEW packages will be installed: musl musl-dev musl-tools 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 70 not upgraded. Need to get 948 kB of archives. After this operation, 4,367 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 musl amd64 1.1.24-1 [377 kB] Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 musl-dev amd64 1.1.24-1 [565 kB] Get:3 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 musl-tools amd64 1.1.24-1 [5,868 B] Fetched 948 kB in 1s (935 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package musl:amd64. (Reading database ... 196178 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../musl_1.1.24-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking musl:amd64 (1.1.24-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package musl-dev:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../musl-dev_1.1.24-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking musl-dev:amd64 (1.1.24-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package musl-tools. Preparing to unpack .../musl-tools_1.1.24-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking musl-tools (1.1.24-1) ... Setting up musl:amd64 (1.1.24-1) ... Setting up musl-dev:amd64 (1.1.24-1) ... Setting up musl-tools (1.1.24-1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$

安装成功，再次编译

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --release Compiling hello v0.1.0 (/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello) Finished `release` profile [optimized] target(s) in 0.29s scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cd target/ scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target$ ls aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu CACHEDIR.TAG debug release scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target$ cd aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/ scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu$ ls CACHEDIR.TAG release scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu$ cd release/ scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release$ ls build deps examples hello hello.d incremental scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release$ file hello hello: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, ARM aarch64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1, BuildID[sha1]=8d56ab7e162f6f6b12b65fcd3f57732b58fd2795, for GNU/Linux 3.7.0, not stripped scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release$

静态编译，不依赖ARM平台的系统库 target.aarch64-unknown-linux-musl

cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-musl --release

scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$ cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-musl --release Compiling hello v0.1.0 (/home/scott/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello) error: linker `aarch64-linux-musl-gcc` not found | = note: No such file or directory (os error 2) error: could not compile `hello` (bin "hello") due to 1 previous error scott@ubuntu2004:~/trunk/rustbyexample/chapter01/hello$

编译失败了，虽然前面都安装成功了，但找不到工具链。

手动安装aarch64-linux-musl-gcc。

从musl.cc下载预编译的工具链（最可靠）：

wget https://musl.cc/aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz sudo tar -xzf aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz -C /opt export PATH="/opt/aarch64-linux-musl-cross/bin:$PATH"

cott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$ wget https://musl.cc/aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz --2026-03-10 10:44:17-- https://musl.cc/aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz Resolving musl.cc (musl.cc)... 216.82.192.11, 2602:fcdb:0:2::1:11 Connecting to musl.cc (musl.cc)|216.82.192.11|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 108096828 (103M) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz’ aarch64-linux-musl- 100%[===================>] 103.09M 81.0KB/s in 35m 34s 2026-03-10 11:19:53 (49.5 KB/s) - ‘aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz’ saved [108096828/108096828] scott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$ sudo tar -xzf aarch64-linux-musl-cross.tgz -C /opt [sudo] password for scott: scott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$

然后将export命令添加到你的~/.bashrc中，永久生效。

验证安装：

aarch64-linux-musl-gcc --version

确保.cargo/config.toml中配置正确（前面已配置）：

1. toml

# ~/.cargo/config.toml [target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu] linker = "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc" [target.aarch64-unknown-linux-musl] linker = "aarch64-linux-musl-gcc"

编译：

cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-musl --release

查看工具链安装路径

scott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$ whereis aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc: /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc /usr/share/man/man1/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc.1.gz scott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$ whereis aarch64-linux-musl-gcc aarch64-linux-musl-gcc: /opt/aarch64-linux-musl-cross/bin/aarch64-linux-musl-gcc scott@ubuntu2004:~/.cargo$

# 编译你的项目 cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --release cargo build --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-musl --release # 这个二进制可以在任何 ARM64 Linux 上运行 #把hello复制到win共享目录下，然后用scp命令拷贝到arm上 PS E:\ubuntuVBox\ubuntuShare> scp ./hello root@192.168.1.1:/usr/local

总结

中途装了很多其他的交叉编译工具都失败了，比如：cargo-zigbuild，cross，

放到ARM版本测试时，aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu版本生的程序运行不了，aarch64-unknown-linux-musl静态编译的版本可以运行，看来用静态编译的比较方便。